To listt all the ini configuration files loaded with PHP in command line, you have to type the command:
php --ini
All the configuration files will be listed. ex :
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /etc/php/8.2/cli
Loaded Configuration File: /etc/php/8.2/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/10-opcache.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/10-pdo.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/15-xml.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-calendar.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-ctype.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-curl.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-dom.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-exif.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-ffi.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-fileinfo.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-ftp.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-gd.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-gettext.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-iconv.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-phar.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-posix.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-readline.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-shmop.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-simplexml.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-sockets.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvmsg.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvsem.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-sysvshm.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-tokenizer.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-xmlreader.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-xmlwriter.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-xsl.ini,
/etc/php/8.2/cli/conf.d/20-zip.ini